Lumbosacral spine x射线

定义

腰骶棘 x射线 is a picture of the small bones (vertebrae) in the lower part of the spine. This area includes the lumbar region and the sacrum, the area that connects the spine to the pelvis.

选择的名字

X-ray - lumbosacral spine; X-ray - lower spine

How the Test is Performed

The test is done in a hospital x射线 department or your health care provider's office by an x射线 technician. You will be asked to lie on the x射线 table in different positions. If the x射线 is being done to diagnose an injury, care will be taken to prevent further injury.

The x射线 machine will be placed over the lower part of your spine. You will be asked to hold your breath as the picture is taken so that the image will not be blurry. In most cases, 3 to 5 pictures are taken.

How to Prepare for the Test

Tell your provider if you are pregnant. 摘掉所有首饰.

How the Test will Feel

There is rarely any discomfort when having an x射线, although the table may be cold.

Why the Test is Performed

经常, your provider will treat a person with low back pain for 4 to 8 weeks before ordering an x射线.

The most common reason for lumbosacral spine x射线 is to look for the cause of low back pain that:

• 发生在受伤后
• 是严重的
• Does not go away after 4 to 8 weeks
• Is present in an older person

What Abnormal Results Mean

Lumbosacral spine x射线s may show:

• Abnormal curves of the spine
• Abnormal wear on the cartilage and bones of the lower spine, such as bone spurs and narrowing of the joints between the vertebrae
• Cancer (although cancer often cannot be seen on this type of x射线)
• 骨折
• Signs of thinning bones (骨质疏松症)
• 脊椎前移, in which a bone (vertebra) in the lower part of the spine slips out of the proper position onto the bone below it

Though some of these findings may be seen on an x射线, they are not always the cause of back pain.

Many problems in the spine cannot be diagnosed using a lumbosacral x射线, including:

• 坐骨神经痛
• Slipped or herniated disc
• 脊髓狭窄 - narrowing of the spinal column

风险

There is low radiation exposure. X-ray machines are checked often to make sure they are as safe as possible. Most experts feel that the risk is low compared with the benefits.

Pregnant women should not be exposed to radiation, if at all possible. Care should be taken before children receive x射线s.

注意事项

There are some back problems that an x射线 will not find. That is because they involve the muscles, nerves, and other soft tissues. 腰骶棘 CT or lumbosacral spine MRI are better options for soft tissue problems.

参考文献

Contreras F, Perez J, Jose J. 成像技术概述. In: Miller MD, Thompson SR, eds. 口腔、Drez & Miller's Orthopaedic Sports Medicine. 5日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 7.

Kapoor G, tom AP. Current status of imaging of the musculoskeletal system. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, eds. 格兰杰 & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook of Medical Imaging. 7日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 38.

Parizel PM, Van Thielen T, van den Hauwe L, Van Goethem JW. Degenerative disease of the spine. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, eds. 格兰杰 & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook of Medical Imaging. 7日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 48.

华纳WC，索耶JR. Scoliosis and kyphosis. In: Azar FM, Beaty JH, eds. Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics. 14日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 44.